2.2 The Sower - Appreciation of the poem

 

2.2 The Sower

v Appreciation of the Poem –

 

·       About the Poem- This Poem is written by Victor Hugo. This poem is about the hard work and persistence of a sower, who works tirelessly  and relentlessly.

·       About the poet – Originally the poem is written by Victor Hugo in French. It was translated into English by Torulata Dutt. She is considered to be ‘The first Indian poetess’ to write verses in English and French. She translated many poems. Her poems such as ‘Seeta’, ‘Lotus’ are well loved.

·       About the title – The title itself depicts that this poem is about the hard work of the farmer. It is appropriate to the poem.

·       Theme – The poem describes a dedicated farmer who is striving hard tirelessly with huge expectations of having good harvest. The farmer shows true perception in his assessment of scattering the precious grain in the farm. The poet expresses respect about the farmer.

·       Poetic devices – The rhyme scheme used in this poem is ‘abab’. There are many figures of speech are used in the poem such as Personification, Inversion, Alliteration, Hyperbole, Antithesis, Repetition etc.

·       Language – The language is very easy and simple to understand. The poet depicts the clear picture of the farmer through his language.

·       Special Features – This is an allegorical poem, in which the sower – character representing the qualities like dedication, perseverance. In this poem the poet uses different imagery like silhouette, twilight hastens on to rule, precious grain etc. to describe the noble work of the farmer.

·       Message – The poem gives us the message that we must look forward with optimism, one should have a powerful enough mind, positive attitude, strong determination and spirit. 

·       Your Opinion about the poem – It is a realistic poem. I like the poem very much because it depicts the real hard work of the farmer and teaches us optimism and positive attitude.

 

3.3. Note - Making

 3.3. Note Making

Note - Taking and Note - Making

 Both the skills are totally different.

Note - taking is a passive process which is undertaken during lectures.

- Note - taking at glance gives a complete view of a paragraph or any content which contains the main points and supporting details of what is heard (during lectures or speech).

- Taking notes while reading from different books and present for different purposes.

- Note-making  is  a  more  active  and  focused  ‘writing  skill’  where  a  concrete connection between all relevant concepts and words is drawn to infuse or connect all thoughts together by a method. (points, tree diagram or a table etc.)

Similarities  between  Note-taking  and  Note-making

- Both provide the students with material for easy reference, preparation and study during an examination.

- Both aid the students in remembering facts easier as it utilizes both reading and listening senses.

- Both have the same purpose, that is for the students to excel in their studies.

- Both help the students to concentrate better and effectively.

NOTE-TAKING AND NOTE-MAKING

       

Note -taking	Note- making
- Only jotting down points, involves no sight interpretation	-  Helps student to see each point clearly along with its link or connection with each other
-  Very little changes are required	-  Easier to change the notes made
-  Taking  points  from  one  source  at  a time	-  Involves  the  taking  of  points  from different sources.
-  Less understanding	-  More understanding
-  Points or notes are written in full form. Points   given   by   sources   are   taken directly.	-  Note making is often in short form.
- Only gives the early configuration for the whole topic.	-  Helps  the  students  in  capturing  its main key.
- Notes are made from sources. They are hand-made since the time available is limited.	-  Constructed by the learner themselves, in  hand-made  or  in  computer-typed form

a

• Procedure of Note - Making

1. Read the passage provided carefully.
2. Underline the important sentences. It helps to make heading and subheading.
3. Make a rough note first so as to get an idea.
4. Organize them in a logical order or sequence for the final note.
5. Use the appropriate note making format.
6. Do not change the idea or the message of the passage.

• Note - Making Format

            There is a fixed note making format. One needs to follow this note making format in order to have a clear and unambiguous understanding from it. The note making format hs -

Heading

        It shows the title or the heading of note.

Subheading

        As the name suggests, a subheading is a subdivision of the main topic. One can use as many subheading as he or she wants.

Point

    Below subheading, there are some points which are the part of the main topic.

Sub-subheading       

        One can add more headings below the points for showing the category, types, advantages etc.

Key or Keywords

        The key portion of the note shows the various codes, symbols or the abbreviation  used. It helps to get a clear understanding of the keys used in the note making.   

Format of the note making

Heading / Title of the topic 1.      Sub heading 1 a.       i) point 1 a.             Sub sub-heading 1.      ii) a. sub point 1 2.      ii) b. sub point 2 a.       iii) Point 2        2. Sub – heading - 2            2. i) Point 1            2. ii) sub heading                    2.ii) a. sub point 1                    2. ii) b. sub point 2            2. iii) point 2   Key

   

• Points to remember for Note Making Format

1. Avoid using long sentences as heading or title.
2. Never lose the main idea of the passage.
3. Ignore information which is less important.
4. Be brief, clear, and specific.
5. Use logical sequencing.
6. Use proper indention.
7. Leave no spaces to avoid confusion.
8. Do not include your own version or understandings.
9. Use abbreviations.
10. Make your note more memorable by adding colors, drawings, and symbols.

• Styles / Different formats of Note Making

1. Tables
2. Charts
3. Line Graph
4. Tree Diagram
5. Pictograms
6. Maps
7. Plans.

• Example of Note Making

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XI - 2.1 Cherry Tree - Appreciation of the poem -

CERRY TREE

Appreciation of the poem 

• About the poet 
• This poem is written by Ruskin Bond. He has written hundreds of short stories, essays, novellas and more than thirty books for children. He received the the Sahitya Akademi Award for English writing in India. He was awarded the Padmashri Award in 1999.

• About the title-
• The title is appropriate. In this poem the poet is expressing his feelings and thoughts about the cherry tree which was planted by him.

• About the poem -
• The poem 'Cherry Tree' is about the poet's ecstasy over a tree which he planted. He is expressing his wonder at the ways of Nature and how the cherry blossoms are fragile and quick to fall. The tree give him immense joy as he can see the stars and the blue sky through dappled green trees.

• The theme - 
• The poet want a tree of his own. so he planted a cherry tree and forgot about it. But the cherry tree grew inspite of many threats. By seeing the fully grown tree, the poet became very happy.

• Poetic style -
• This is nature poem and narrative poem which describes about the cherry tree and poet's feelings and happiness.

• Language - 
•  The language of the poem is very easy and simple to understand the poem easily.

• Poetic devices -
• In this poem  different figures of speeches are used like Alliteration, Antithesis, Personification, climax etc.

• Special Features -
• The poem is very beautiful which expresses the wonder of nature. 

• Message/ values/ morals -
• The poem tells us that we should overcome all the problems and try to get the success. It also tells us about the struggles to survive.

• Your opinion about the poem -
•  The poem is very beautiful which gives us the good message about life. It also  describes the happiness of the poet very beautifully here.

2.6 Money - Ppt

 Click on the below link and you will get the ppt of this poem. there are figures of speech and poetic devices and other things too.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1w18FSNleVKbOjdIBA2FVflwUvVc7Hr56/view?usp=sharing

4.1. History of Novel

 4.1 History of Novel

Short Notes for objective type of questions

1. The word NOVEL is derived from the Italian word NOVELLA which means NEW.

2. A novel is relatively long narrative fiction which describes intimate human experiences.

3. The novel has a history of about two thousand years.

4. Murasaki Shikubi's "Tale of Genji" (1010) has been considered as the world's first novel.

5. The European novel is often said to begin with 'Don Quixote' by Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes which was published in two parts between 1605 and 1615.

6. After 1740, novel originated as the literary form in England.

7.Novella - originated from Italian word 'Novelle' .

8. Novella - shorter than novel and longer than short stories.

9.  9. Important Novella are -

a)   a) The Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad

b    b) The Turn of the Screw by Henry James

      c) Billy Budd by Hermann Melville

      d) Death in Venice by Thomas Mann

       e) Seize The Day by Saul Bellow

       f) Pearl by John Steinbeck 

      

Writer	Novel	Related information
Virgil	Ecologues
Malory	Morte De Arthur
Geoffrey Chaucer	The Canterbury Tales
Murasaki Shikibu	Tale of Genji (1010)	World's first novel
Miguel de Cervantes	Don Quixote (1605&1615)	European first novel
John Bunyan	The Pilgrims Progress	1678
Aphra Behn	Oroonoku	1688
Daniel Defoe	Robinson Crusoe, Mall Flanders
Jonathan Swift	Gulliver’s Travels	Famous satire
Samuel Richardson	Pamela, Virtue Rewarded and Clarissa	Epistolary novels, 18 th century novelists
Henry Fielding, Lawrence Sterne, Tobias Smollett		18 th century novelists
Charles Dickens, Walter Scott, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Horace Walpole, Thomas hardy, Willkie Collins and H.G. Wells		18 th century novelists
E.M.  Forster, James Joyce, Joseph Conrad, Henry James, George   Orwell,   Graham   Greene,   D.H. Lawrence,  William  Golding  and Anthony Burgess.		20th century novelists
Salman Rushdie (India), V.S. Naipaul (Trinidad), Kazuo Ishigura (Japan)		Immigrant authors of 20th century
Women Novelists
Frances Burney	Evelina	Novel of manners
Ann Radcliffe		Gothic novels
Mary Shelley	Frankenstein	Science fiction
Jane Austen		Ruling over the minds of people
Bronte sisters Emily	The wuthering Heights
Charlotte	Jane eyre
Mary Ann Evans alias George Eliot		Wrote psychological novels
Virginia Woolf		Pioneer of the Stream of consciousness technique of English novel
Agatha Christie	Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple	Wrote novels on crime
Harper Lee, , Margaret Atwood, Toni Morrison and Alice Walker		Other women novelists
Indian Scenario
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya	Rajmohan’s Wife	First novel in English written by an Indian
Mulkraj Anand, R.K. Narayan and Raja Rao		Major Indian novelists
Anita Desai,  Nayantara  Sahgal  and Arun  Joshi and   Manohar   Malgaonkar Amitav  Ghosh,  Vikram  Seth and   Upamanyu   Chatterjee Salman   Rushsie,   Arvind Adiga,  Arundhati  Roy,  Kiran  Desai  and Kiran  Nagarkar		Other important Indian novelists